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Continuous Descent Final Approach (CDFA) Captain Greg Botch 777 Chief Pilot – Technical Boeing Commercial Airplanes Agenda ● The Past ● The Present ● The Future ● Questions and Answers BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company. Copyright © 2007 Boeing. All rights reserved. CDFA.2 Continuous Descent Final Approach The Past ● Dive and drive approaches BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company. Copyright © 2007 Boeing. All rights reserved. CDFA.3 Continuous Descent Final Approach The Present ● V/S (constant angle) ● VNAV BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company. Copyright © 2007 Boeing. All rights reserved. CDFA.4 Continuous Descent Final Approach The - Improvements Future Technology ● RNAV - Concept ● RNAV (GPS) ● RNAV (RNP) ● IAN ● GLS ● SAAAR / AR Copyright © 2007 Boeing. All rights reserved. CDFA.5 The Past - Dive and Drive Approaches ● Normally a 1000 fpm or more rate of descent is established The Past - Dive and Drive Approaches Disadvantages ● Pilots have to calculate the VDP (Visual Descent Point) by determining the height above the airport (HAA) of the MDA(H) d 300 di t t th and use ft per NM distance to the runway The Past - Dive and Drive Approaches Disadvantages (continued) ● Unstable final approach ● Terrain closure rate R li t ● Runway alignment ● Aircraft configuration changes CFIT & Dive and Drive Approaches ● Flight Safety Foundation Study of Fatal Approach-and-Landing AccidentsWorldwide ● 287 fatal accidents (1980-1996) ● 60 % of the accidents occurred during non-ILS approaches ● 47% step-non-occurred during down ILS approaches ● 48% in mostly flat terrain step non ● Large number of approaches occurred at night or IMC CDFA Page 10 (CFIT) Controlled Flight Into Terrain Approach Accidents Most common causes: • Un-stabilized approaches • Descent below MDA Commonality Among the Approaches Dive and Drive (continued) Flight Safety Foundation Recommendations ● Establishing and adhering to SOPs ● Operators should define parameters for a stabilized approach ● Implement Constant-Angle and Rate-of-Descent procedures ● Train flight crews in proper use of Constant-Angle procedures BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company. Copyright © 2007 Boeing. All rights reserved. CDFA.13 Continuous Descent Final Approach The Present ● V/S (constant angle) ● VNAV BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company. Copyright © 2007 Boeing. All rights reserved. CDFA.14 www.aero.cn 航空翻译 www.aviation.cn 本文链接地址：连续下降最终进近 Continuous Descent Final Approach (CDFA)
