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PILOT AUTHORITY AND AIRCRAFT PROTECTIONS Air Line Pilots Association Airworthiness Performance Evaluation and Certification Committee Captain Ron Rogers, Chairman March 1, 1999 CONTENTS PILOT AUTHORITY AND AIRCRAFT PROTECTIONS --------------------------------------- 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 2.0 ARGUMENT --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 3.0 ON-GROUND SENSING------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 3.1 Recommendation---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 4.0 STALL PROTECTION--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 4.1 Recommendation---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 5.0 ENGINE CONTROLS---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 5.1 Effects Of Additional Thrust On Climb Performance------------------------------------------------------------------ 9 5.2 The Effects Of Additional Thrust Capability On Cfit Recovery Capability------------------------------------10 5.3 The Effect Of Additional Thrust On Recovery From Windshear--------------------------------------------------11 5.3.1 The Effects of Additional Thrust in Windshear Recovery for the Airbus A-320 (Takeoff) ------------12 5.3.2 The Effects of Additional Thrust in Windshear Recovery for the Boeing B-777 (Takeoff)------------12 5.3.3 The Effects of Additional Thrust in Windshear Recovery for the Boeing B-777 (Approach)---------13 5.4 Conclusion----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13 6.0 FLIGHT ENVELOPE PROTECTIONS -------------------------------------------------------13 6.1 Design Error ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14 6.2 Flight Envelope Protection Design Philosophies ---------------------------------------------------------------------14 6.2.1 Conventional Flight Envelope Protections-------------------------------------------------------------------------14 6.2.2 Hard Flight Envelope Protections ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14 6.2.3 Soft Flight Envelope Protections -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14 6.2.4 Flight Envelope Protection Overrides -------------------------------------------------------------------------------15 6.2.5 Flight Envelope Authority----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15 6.3 Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 6.3.1 Flight Test------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17 6.3.2 CFIT Maneuver------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17 6.4 Aircraft Flight Control Design----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17 6.4.1 Aircraft With Conventional Flight Controls-----------------------------------------------------------------------17 6.4.2 FBW Aircraft With ÒHardÓ Protection Features------------------------------------------------------------------18 6.4.3 FBW Aircraft With ÒSoftÓ Protection Features-------------------------------------------------------------------19 6.4.4 CFIT Recovery Conclusions/Recommendations-----------------------------------------------------------------19 6.4.5 Conclusions-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20 6.4.6 Recommendations---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20 6.5 High Speed Upset Recovery------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21 6.5.1 Aircraft With Conventional Flight Controls-----------------------------------------------------------------------21 6.5.2 FBW Aircraft With ÒHardÓ Protection Features------------------------------------------------------------------22 6.5.3 FBW Aircraft With ÒSoftÓ Protection Features-------------------------------------------------------------------24 6.6 Flight Envelope Protection Conclusions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------25 7.0 FUTURE TRENDS---------------------------------------------------------------------------------25 www.aero.cn 航空翻译 www.aviation.cn 本文链接地址：PILOT AUTHORITY AND AIRCRAFT PROTECTIONS
